A torus fracture or buckle fracture is a pediatric impaction fracture in which the cortex of long bone buckles, with no loss of cortices. Cancellous bone is typically involved, and union often occurs rapidly. This is a fracture in which the ends are driven into each other. Segmental Fracture Fibula with Fracture Tibia Impacted Fracture Segmental fracture is defined as a comminuted fracture where one fragment retains the complete cortex of the bone. The reduction of this fracture is difficult and nonunion common as seen in the following x-ray. The bone is fractured at two distinct levels. It is a type of comminuted fracture only. These kinds of fractures are called comminuted fractures. If the injury results in multiple breaks in the bone, they are visible as different fragments. Compare it with the oblique fracture diagram and you would be able to appreciate the difference. The diagram above would give you a rough idea of what I am trying to say. But if you twist and break that stick it would result in a broken pattern that would start from one point, move obliquely in one direction, reach the other end and then continue on another side of the stick in a spiral fashion to meet the original point. If you take a stick and slice it at an angle so that it is divided into two, it is similar to the oblique fracture. To understand this you need to imagine a three-dimensional view of the bone. Instead of a straight break as in oblique fracture that is only in one plane, the break, in this case, traverses both the planes. This fracture is easily confused with the oblique fracture. The following x-ray shows an oblique fracture Oblique Fracture of Shaft of Femur Spiral Fracture In other words, the bone has broken at an angle. In this fracture, instead of the break being at the right angle, it goes in an oblique direction to the long axis of the bone. Types of Fractures based on Breaking Patternĭifferent types of fractures which are based on breaking pattern are Transverse FractureĪ fracture in which the break is across the bone, at a right angle to the long axis of the bone. In this article, we would stick to the basic definition of fracture and general classification of fractures that could be applied across all the regions. There are many types of fracture classifications and often more than one for a given region of fracture. The classification of fractures not only helps to suggest the severity and mechanics of injury that occurred but also helps to formulate the most suitable treatment. There are multiple ways to list the types of fractures. There could be different types of fractures depending on the site and severity of the injury, type of force that acted on bone and involvement of surrounding tissues. Fractures Caused by Insufficient Traumaįractures occur when bones break due to energy applied to them in excess of what these can sustain.Presence of Wounds that Communicate with a Fracture.Types of Fractures based on Articular Involvement.Types of Breaks Based on Displacement of Fragments.Types of Fractures based on Breaking Pattern.For additional information visit Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited without authorization. Links to other sites are provided for information only - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M.
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